Medium

ONNX has Null Pointer Dereference in Upsample Version Converter Adapter (Zero Inputs)

  • Disclosed: 07.07.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 15:17

Summary

Null pointer dereference (SIGSEGV) in Upsample_6_7::adapt_upsample_6_7() (onnx/version_converter/adapters/upsample_6_7.h:31) when convert_version() processes a model with an Upsample node that has zero inputs. The adapter accesses node->inputs()[0]->sizes() without checking input count. 107-byte PoC crashes on Release build.

This is the same class of bug as the Cast adapter advisory (separate report) but in a different adapter, different file, and different operator.

Details

The Upsample 6→7 adapter validates attributes but not inputs:

cpp
// upsample_6_7.h:20-33
void adapt_upsample_6_7(..., Node* node) const {
    ONNX_ASSERTM(
        node->hasAttribute(width_scale_symbol) && node->hasAttribute(height_scale_symbol),
        "...")  // Attribute check PASSES

    auto width_scale = node->f(width_scale_symbol);
    auto height_scale = node->f(height_scale_symbol);

    auto input_shape = node->inputs()[0]->sizes();
    //                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    //                 OOB when inputs().size() == 0 → SIGSEGV
}

The PoC has an Upsample node at opset 6 with the required width_scale and height_scale attributes but zero inputs. The attribute assertions pass, then node->inputs()[0] on an empty ArrayRef:

  • Release builds (NDEBUG): bounds-check assertion compiled out → reads garbage pointer → SIGSEGV
  • Debug builds: assert(Index < Length) at array_ref.h:159 → SIGABRT

An Upsample node with zero inputs passes graphProtoToGraph() because the import code only resolves input names present in the protobuf.

PoC

python
import base64
import onnx
from onnx import version_converter

poc_b64 = "CAI6YQo8EgFZIghVcHNhbXBsZSoVCgt3aWR0aF9zY2FsZRUAAABAoAEBKhYKDGhlaWdodF9zY2FsZRUAAABAoAEBEgR0ZXN0YhsKAVkSFgoUCAESEAoCCAEKAggBCgIIBAoCCARCBAoAEAY="

model = onnx.load_from_string(base64.b64decode(poc_b64))

# CRASHES — Upsample_6_7 adapter dereferences empty inputs array
version_converter.convert_version(model, 7)  # SIGSEGV

107-byte PoC. Confirmed SIGSEGV on both onnx 1.21.0 (pip) and 1.22.0 (source build).

Impact

Any application that uses onnx.version_converter.convert_version() on untrusted models is vulnerable. This includes model conversion pipelines and tools that auto-upgrade opset versions for compatibility. The crash is unrecoverable (SIGSEGV).

This vulnerability is part of a systemic pattern across multiple version converter adapters. A full audit of all ~45 adapters was performed as part of the fix; eight adapters were found with the same class of unguarded indexed access (cast_9_8, softmax_12_13, softmax_13_12, upsample_6_7, upsample_9_10, group_normalization_20_21, broadcast_forward_compatibility, upsample_9_8) and all have been fixed in PR #7813.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) onnx >= 1.9.0, < 1.22.0 1.22.0

References

CVSS score 5.5/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-476
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
onnx
Disclosed
07.07.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 15:17

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-2689 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-hwpq-hmq9-wj77 - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: onnx

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (13) in the archive
Total entries
13
First → latest
01.2023 07.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 1
  • High 7
  • Medium 4
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2023: 1
  2. 2024: 3
  3. 2025: 1
  4. 2026: 8
Severity:
  1. ONNX has Null Pointer Dereference in Upsample Version Converter Adapter (Zero Inputs) this entry
    Medium · 5.5 CVE-2026-44512 >= 1.9.0, < 1.22.0 1.22.0
  2. High · 7.1 CVE-2026-49114 < 1.21.0 1.21.0
  3. High CVE-2026-27489 < 1.21.0 1.21.0
  4. High · 7.5 CVE-2024-27318 < 1.16.0 1.16.0

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