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High

Undici has Unbounded Memory Consumption in WebSocket permessage-deflate Decompression

  • Disclosed: 13.03.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 10:22

Description

The undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack via unbounded memory consumption during permessage-deflate decompression. When a WebSocket connection negotiates the permessage-deflate extension, the client decompresses incoming compressed frames without enforcing any limit on the decompressed data size. A malicious WebSocket server can send a small compressed frame (a "decompression bomb") that expands to an extremely large size in memory, causing the Node.js process to exhaust available memory and crash or become unresponsive.

The vulnerability exists in the PerMessageDeflate.decompress() method, which accumulates all decompressed chunks in memory and concatenates them into a single Buffer without checking whether the total size exceeds a safe threshold.

Impact

  • Remote denial of service against any Node.js application using undici's WebSocket client
  • A single compressed WebSocket frame of ~6 MB can decompress to ~1 GB or more
  • Memory exhaustion occurs in native/external memory, bypassing V8 heap limits
  • No application-level mitigation is possible as decompression occurs before message delivery

Patches

Users should upgrade to fixed versions.

Workarounds

No workaround are possible.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
npm package undici < 6.24.0, >= 7.0.0, < 7.24.0 6.24.0, 7.24.0

References

CVSS score 7.5/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-409
Platform
npm
Package
undici
Disclosed
13.03.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 10:22

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-vrm6-8vpv-qv8q - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: undici

All published vulnerabilities of this package (npm package), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (46) in the archive
Total entries
46
First → latest
06.2022 09.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • High 13
  • Medium 21
  • Low 12

Disclosures per year

Severity:
  1. undici vulnerable to Denial of Service via unrequested WebSocket subprotocol
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-19534 >= 6.7.0, < 6.28.1, >= 7.0.0, < 7.29.1, >= 8.0.0, < 8.10.2 6.28.1, 7.29.1, 8.10.2
  2. undici vulnerable to TLS certificate validation bypass via dropped connect options in BalancedPool
    High · 7.4 CVE-2026-84961 >= 7.24.1, < 7.29.1, >= 8.0.0, < 8.10.2 7.29.1, 8.10.2
  3. undici vulnerable to cross-origin cache poisoning via missing origin isolation in interceptors
    High · 7.4 CVE-2026-85152 >= 8.10.0, < 8.10.2 8.10.2
  4. undici vulnerable to cross-user information disclosure and parse-time crash via degenerate private cache directives
    High · 7.4 CVE-2026-13697 >= 7.0.0, < 7.29.0, >= 8.0.0, < 8.9.0 7.29.0, 8.9.0
  5. undici WebSocket client vulnerable to denial of service via fragment count bypass
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-12151 < 6.27.0, >= 7.0.0, < 7.28.0, >= 8.0.0, < 8.5.0 6.27.0, 7.28.0, 8.5.0
  6. undici vulnerable to cross-origin request routing via SOCKS5 proxy pool reuse
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-6734 >= 7.23.0, < 7.28.0, >= 8.0.0, < 8.2.0 7.28.0, 8.2.0
  7. undici vulnerable to TLS certificate validation bypass via dropped requestTls in SOCKS5 ProxyAgent
    High · 7.4 CVE-2026-9697 >= 7.23.0, < 7.28.0, >= 8.0.0, < 8.5.0 7.28.0, 8.5.0
  8. undici WebSocket client vulnerable to denial of service via cumulative fragment bypass
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-9675 >= 8.0.0, < 8.5.0 8.5.0
  9. Undici has Unbounded Memory Consumption in WebSocket permessage-deflate Decompression this entry
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-1526 < 6.24.0, >= 7.0.0, < 7.24.0 6.24.0, 7.24.0
  10. Undici has Unhandled Exception in WebSocket Client Due to Invalid server_max_window_bits Validation
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-2229 < 6.24.0, >= 7.0.0, < 7.24.0 6.24.0, 7.24.0
  11. Undici: Malicious WebSocket 64-bit length overflows parser and crashes the client
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-1528 >= 6.0.0, < 6.24.0, >= 7.0.0, < 7.24.0 6.24.0, 7.24.0
  12. Regular Expression Denial of Service in Headers
    High · 7.5 CVE-2023-24807 < 5.19.1 5.19.1
  13. ProxyAgent vulnerable to MITM
    High · 7.7 CVE-2022-32210 >= 4.8.2, < 5.5.1 5.5.1

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