Medium

Nodemailer: Email to an unintended domain can occur due to Interpretation Conflict

  • Disclosed: 07.10.2025
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 10:22

The email parsing library incorrectly handles quoted local-parts containing @. This leads to misrouting of email recipients, where the parser extracts and routes to an unintended domain instead of the RFC-compliant target.

Payload: "xclow3n@gmail.com x"@internal.domain Using the following code to send mail

js
const nodemailer = require("nodemailer");

let transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
  service: "gmail",
  auth: {
    user: "",
    pass: "",
  },
});

let mailOptions = {
  from: '"Test Sender" <your_email@gmail.com>', 
  to: "\"xclow3n@gmail.com x\"@internal.domain",
  subject: "Hello from Nodemailer",
  text: "This is a test email sent using Gmail SMTP and Nodemailer!",
};

transporter.sendMail(mailOptions, (error, info) => {
  if (error) {
    return console.log("Error: ", error);
  }
  console.log("Message sent: %s", info.messageId);

});


(async () => {
  const parser = await import("@sparser/email-address-parser");
  const { EmailAddress, ParsingOptions } = parser.default;
  const parsed = EmailAddress.parse(mailOptions.to /*, new ParsingOptions(true) */);

  if (!parsed) {
    console.error("Invalid email address:", mailOptions.to);
    return;
  }

  console.log("Parsed email:", {
    address: `${parsed.localPart}@${parsed.domain}`,
    local: parsed.localPart,
    domain: parsed.domain,
  });
})();

Running the script and seeing how this mail is parsed according to RFC

Parsed email: {
  address: '"xclow3n@gmail.com x"@internal.domain',
  local: '"xclow3n@gmail.com x"',
  domain: 'internal.domain'
}

But the email is sent to xclow3n@gmail.com

<img width="2128" height="439" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/20eb459c-9803-45a2-b30e-5d1177d60a8d" />

Impact:

  • Misdelivery / Data leakage: Email is sent to psres.net instead of test.com.

  • Filter evasion: Logs and anti-spam systems may be bypassed by hiding recipients inside quoted local-parts.

  • Potential compliance issue: Violates RFC 5321/5322 parsing rules.

  • Domain based access control bypass in downstream applications using your library to send mails

Recommendations

  • Fix parser to correctly treat quoted local-parts per RFC 5321/5322.

  • Add strict validation rejecting local-parts containing embedded @ unless fully compliant with quoting.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
npm package nodemailer < 7.0.7 7.0.7

References

CVSS score -
CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-20, CWE-436
Platform
npm
Package
nodemailer
Disclosed
07.10.2025
Updated
11.10.2026 10:22

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-mm7p-fcc7-pg87 - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: nodemailer

All published vulnerabilities of this package (npm package), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (20) in the archive
Total entries
20
First → latest
05.2021 09.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 1
  • High 6
  • Medium 12
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2021: 2
  2. 2022: 0
  3. 2023: 0
  4. 2024: 1
  5. 2025: 2
  6. 2026: 15
Severity:
  1. High · 7.5 CVE-2025-14874 >= 3.0.0, < 7.0.11 7.0.11
  2. Nodemailer: Email to an unintended domain can occur due to Interpretation Conflict this entry
    Medium CVE-2025-13033 < 7.0.7 7.0.7
  3. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2020-7769 < 6.4.16 6.4.16

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