Critical

PraisonAI: OS Command Injection in MCPHandler.parse_mcp_command()

  • Disclosed: 01.04.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 14:17

Summary

The --mcp CLI argument is passed directly to shlex.split() and forwarded through the call chain to anyio.open_process() with no validation, allowlist check, or sanitization at any hop, allowing arbitrary OS command execution as the process user.

Details

cli/features/mcp.py:61 (source) -> praisonaiagents/mcp/mcp.py:345 (hop) -> mcp/client/stdio/__init__.py:253 (sink)

python
# source
parts = shlex.split(command)

# hop
cmd, args, env = self.parse_mcp_command(command, env_vars)
self.server_params = StdioServerParameters(command=cmd, args=arguments)
 
# sink
process = await anyio.open_process([command, *args])

Fixed in commit 47bff65413beaa3c21bf633c1fae4e684348368c (v4.5.69) by introducing a command allowlist:

python
ALLOWED_COMMANDS = {"npx", "uvx", "node", "python"}
if cmd not in ALLOWED_COMMANDS:
    raise ValueError(f"Disallowed command: {cmd}")

PoC

python
# tested on: praisonai==4.5.48
# install: pip install praisonai==4.5.48
# run: praisonai --mcp "bash -c 'id > /tmp/pwned'"
# verify: cat /tmp/pwned
# expected output: uid=1000(...) gid=1000(...) groups=1000(...)

Impact

Any deployment where the --mcp argument is influenced by untrusted input is exposed to full OS command execution as the process user. No authentication is required.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) praisonai >= 4.5.15, < 4.5.69 4.5.69

References

CVSS score 9.8/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
praisonai
Disclosed
01.04.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 14:17

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-9gm9-c8mq-vq7m - CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-471 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: praisonai

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (104) in the archive
Total entries
104
First → latest
04.2026 10.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 27
  • High 60
  • Medium 17

Disclosures per year

  1. 2026: 104
Severity:
  1. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-61439 < 4.6.78 4.6.78
  2. High · 7.3 CVE-2026-56839 < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  3. High · 7.2 CVE-2026-57114 >= 4.5.126, < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  4. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-57125 < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  5. High · 8.8 CVE-2026-57117 >= 4.6.10, < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  6. High · 7.8 CVE-2026-56838 >= 4.5.87, < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  7. High · 8.3 CVE-2026-56835 >= 3.11.0, < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  8. High · 8.2 CVE-2026-56836 >= 4.5.112, < 4.6.59 4.6.59
  9. High CVE-2026-47397 < 4.6.40 4.6.40
  10. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-41497 < 4.5.149 4.5.149
  11. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-40288 < 4.5.139 4.5.139
  12. High · 8.4 CVE-2026-40287 < 4.5.139 4.5.139
  13. Critical · 9.3 CVE-2026-40154 < 4.5.128 4.5.128
  14. Critical · 9.6 CVE-2026-40088 < 4.5.121 4.5.121
  15. High · 8.8 CVE-2026-39891 < 4.5.115 4.5.115
  16. Critical CVE-2026-35615 < 1.5.113 1.5.113
  17. High · 8.1 CVE-2026-39307 < 4.5.113 4.5.113
  18. Critical · 9.1 CVE-2026-34953 < 4.5.97 4.5.97
  19. Critical · 9.1 CVE-2026-34952 < 4.5.97 4.5.97
  20. High · 7.7 CVE-2026-34936 < 4.5.90 4.5.90
  21. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-34934 < 4.5.90 4.5.90
  22. PraisonAI: OS Command Injection in MCPHandler.parse_mcp_command() this entry
    Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-34935 >= 4.5.15, < 4.5.69 4.5.69

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