High

GuardDog Zip Bomb Vulnerability in safe_extract() Allows DoS

  • Disclosed: 13.01.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 13:18

Summary

GuardDog's safe_extract() function does not validate decompressed file sizes when extracting ZIP archives (wheels, eggs), allowing attackers to cause denial of service through zip bombs. A malicious package can consume gigabytes of disk space from a few megabytes of compressed data.

Vulnerability Details

Affected Component: guarddog/utils/archives.py - safe_extract() function
Vulnerability Type: CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Zip Bomb)
Severity: HIGH (CVSS ~8)
Attack Vector: Network (malicious package uploaded to PyPI/npm) or local

Root Cause

The safe_extract() function handles TAR files securely using the tarsafe library, but ZIP file extraction has no size validation:

python
elif zipfile.is_zipfile(source_archive):
    with zipfile.ZipFile(source_archive, "r") as zip:
        for file in zip.namelist():
            zip.extract(file, path=os.path.join(target_directory, file))

Missing protections:

  • ❌ No decompressed size limit
  • ❌ No compression ratio validation
  • ❌ No file count limits
  • ❌ No total extracted size validation

Impact

Denial of Service Scenarios

1. CI/CD Pipeline Disruption

  • Attacker publishes malicious package to PyPI
  • Developer adds package to requirements.txt
  • CI/CD runs GuardDog scan
  • Disk fills (GitHub Actions: standard 14GB limit)
  • All deployments blocked

2. Resource Exhaustion

  • Local development environments
  • Security scanning infrastructure
  • Automated scanning systems
  • Docker containers with limited disk

3. Supply Chain Attack Amplification

  • Single malicious package blocks security scanning
  • Prevents detection of other malicious packages
  • Forces manual intervention
  • Increases security team workload

Recommended Fix

Add size validation for ZIP files similar to what tarsafe provides for TAR files

Configuration Options

Make limits configurable via environment variables or config file

Additional Improvements

  1. Add warning logs when archives approach limits
  2. Provide clear error messages for users
  3. Document limits in user-facing documentation
  4. Add tests for zip bomb detection
  5. Consider using a safe ZIP library (similar to tarsafe)

Credit

Reported by: Charbel (dwbruijn)

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) guarddog < 2.7.1 2.7.1

References

CVSS score -
CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-409
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
guarddog
Disclosed
13.01.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 13:18

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-1429 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-ffj4-jq7m-9g6v - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: guarddog

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

Total entries
6
First → latest
12.2022 05.2026
Without a fix
2
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • High 3
  • Medium 1
  • Low 2

Disclosures per year

  1. 2022: 2
  2. 2023: 0
  3. 2024: 0
  4. 2025: 0
  5. 2026: 4
  1. GuardDog Zip Bomb Vulnerability in safe_extract() Allows DoS this entry
    High CVE-2026-22870 < 2.7.1 2.7.1

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