High

Keras: Lambda deserialization can bypass safe mode and execute code

  • Disclosed: 03.07.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 14:19

A vulnerability in keras-team/keras version 3.14.0 allows for arbitrary code execution due to improper handling of deserialization in the Lambda layer. Specifically, the _raise_for_lambda_deserialization() function fails to enforce the safe-mode guard when safe_mode is set to None, which is the default value when from_config() is called outside of a SafeModeScope context. This logic error conflates None (unset/default-deny) with False (explicitly disabled), bypassing the guard and allowing attacker-controlled marshal bytecode to be deserialized. Affected call sites include keras.layers.deserialize(config), keras.models.clone_model(model), and any direct invocation of Lambda.from_config(config) without an enclosing SafeModeScope(True). This vulnerability can be exploited to achieve arbitrary OS-level code execution in the context of the server or user process.

Affected software

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PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) keras < 3.12.3, >= 3.13.0, < 3.15.0 3.12.3, 3.15.0

References

CVSS score 8.8/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-502
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
keras
Disclosed
03.07.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 14:19

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-3631 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-5gwj-m78q-7pq3 - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: keras

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (20) in the archive
Total entries
20
First → latest
04.2024 08.2026
Without a fix
1
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 2
  • High 11
  • Medium 6
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2024: 1
  2. 2025: 8
  3. 2026: 11
Severity:
  1. High · 7.8 CVE-2026-12484 < 3.12.3, >= 3.13.0, < 3.15.0 3.12.3, 3.15.0
  2. Keras: Lambda deserialization can bypass safe mode and execute code this entry
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-12481 < 3.12.3, >= 3.13.0, < 3.15.0 3.12.3, 3.15.0
  3. High · 8.8 CVE-2026-1462 < 3.13.2 3.13.2
  4. High · 7.1 CVE-2026-1669 >= 3.13.0, < 3.13.2, >= 3.0.0, < 3.12.1 3.13.2, 3.12.1
  5. High · 9.8 CVE-2025-12060 < 3.12.0 3.12.0
  6. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2025-49655 >= 3.11.0, < 3.11.3 3.11.3
  7. High · 7.3 CVE-2025-9906 < 3.11.0 3.11.0
  8. High · 8.8 CVE-2025-8747 >= 3.0.0, < 3.11.0 3.11.0
  9. High CVE-2025-1550 >= 3.0.0, < 3.9.0 3.9.0
  10. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2024-3660 < 2.13.1rc0 2.13.1rc0

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