Medium

RabbitMQ: JSONReader in the default JSON-RPC mapper never terminates on truncated input, causing DoS

  • Disclosed: 07.10.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 13:20

Summary

com.rabbitmq.tools.json.JSONReader.read() never returns when its input ends inside a quoted string or a // line comment. Both scanners walk the input with StringCharacterIterator.next() but only compare against a delimiter, so once the iterator reaches CharacterIterator.DONE (￿) they loop forever. The string scanner (string(), line 210, while (c != sep)) also appends ￿ to a StringBuilder every iteration, so it fills the heap and throws OutOfMemoryError, taking down the JVM. The comment scanner (skipWhiteSpace(), lines 89-92, while (c != '\n')) pins a thread at 100% CPU with no allocation.

This is reachable with a single message. JsonRpcServer and JsonRpcClient fall back to DefaultJsonRpcMapper whenever no mapper is passed (JsonRpcServer.java:84 and :114, JsonRpcClient.java:186), and that mapper hands the raw message body straight to JSONReader.read() (DefaultJsonRpcMapper.java:42 for the server request, :52 for the client reply). A caller that can publish to the RPC request queue hangs the server; a malicious or MITM'd JSON-RPC service does the same to a client.

Proof of concept

Against amqp-client 5.36.0 from Maven Central:

java
import com.rabbitmq.tools.jsonrpc.DefaultJsonRpcMapper;

public class Poc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DefaultJsonRpcMapper mapper = new DefaultJsonRpcMapper();
        mapper.parse("{\"method\":\"x", String.class); // unterminated string
        // mapper.parse("//", String.class);           // unterminated // comment
        System.out.println("unreachable");
    }
}

java -Xmx64m -cp amqp-client-5.36.0.jar:. Poc throws OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space in about 0.1s and never prints. Swapping in the // line spins at 100% CPU and never returns. A well-formed body such as {"method":"x"} returns immediately.

Impact

Availability. One small, unauthenticated message stops a JSON-RPC endpoint: the unterminated string exhausts the heap, the unterminated comment pins a thread forever. Neither is recoverable per request - JsonRpcServer.doCall only catches ClassCastException, and an OutOfMemoryError affects the whole process.

Scope and fix

Only applications using the JSON-RPC-over-AMQP tooling (com.rabbitmq.tools.jsonrpc) with the default DefaultJsonRpcMapper are affected. DefaultJsonRpcMapper and JSONReader are deprecated in favour of JacksonJsonRpcMapper, but both still ship and remain the default when no mapper is supplied. The fix is to stop both loops at CharacterIterator.DONE.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Java / Kotlin (Maven) com.rabbitmq:amqp-client < 5.36.1 5.36.1

References

CVSS score 4.9/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-835
Platform
Java / Kotlin (Maven)
Package
com.rabbitmq:amqp-client
Disclosed
07.10.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 13:20

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-cqgh-8p3p-mx4m - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: com.rabbitmq:amqp-client

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Java / Kotlin (Maven)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (12) in the archive
Total entries
12
First → latest
10.2018 10.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • High 4
  • Medium 7
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2018: 1
  2. 2019: 0
  3. 2020: 0
  4. 2021: 0
  5. 2022: 0
  6. 2023: 1
  7. 2024: 0
  8. 2025: 0
  9. 2026: 10
Severity:
  1. RabbitMQ: JSONReader in the default JSON-RPC mapper never terminates on truncated input, causing DoS this entry
    Medium · 4.9 CVE-2026-106121 < 5.36.1 5.36.1

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