@astrojs/netlify broadens Astro image.remotePatterns in Netlify Image CDN config

Summary

@astrojs/netlify converts Astro image.remotePatterns into Netlify Image CDN images.remote_images regular expressions with broader semantics than Astro's canonical matcher. A single wildcard hostname such as *.example.com is converted to an optional subdomain regex, so the apex host matches. A single wildcard pathname such as /ok/* is converted without end anchoring, so deeper paths match by prefix.

Technical details

The Netlify adapter generates regex strings for Netlify Image CDN from image.remotePatterns. For *.example.com, it emits ([a-z0-9-]+\\.)?example\\.com, which makes the subdomain optional. Astro's canonical helper requires exactly one subdomain and rejects the apex host.

For /ok/*, the adapter emits a segment regex but does not anchor the end of the URL. Netlify's Image CDN implementation treats images.remote_images entries as JavaScript regular expressions and calls .test(sourceImageUrl.href), so a URL such as /ok/a/b.svg matches the /ok/a prefix even though Astro's helper rejects it.

The latest npm package @astrojs/netlify@7.0.10 contains this conversion logic, and a minimal Astro build writes the broadened patterns into .netlify/v1/config.json.

Reproduction

1. Create an Astro app using astro@6.3.8 and @astrojs/netlify@7.0.10.
2. Configure Netlify output and a restrictive image pattern, for example remotePatterns: [{ protocol: 'http', hostname: '*.localhost', pathname: '/ok/*' }].
3. Build the app and observe that .netlify/v1/config.json contains http://([a-z0-9-]+\\.)?localhost(:[0-9]+)?(\\/ok/[^/?#]+)/?([?][^#]*)?.
4. Serve a canary SVG on 127.0.0.1:9001.
5. Request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fok%2Fa.svg&w=100. Astro's helper rejects the apex localhost for *.localhost, but Netlify Image CDN accepts it and fetches the canary.
6. As a negative control, request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fnope%2Fa.svg&w=100. This returns 403 Forbidden: Remote image URL not allowed and does not hit the canary.
7. Request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fok%2Fa%2Fb.svg&w=100. Astro's /ok/* helper rejects this deeper path, but Netlify Image CDN accepts it and fetches the canary.

Impact

Any Astro app deployed with @astrojs/netlify and a restrictive image.remotePatterns config can expose a wider image-fetch boundary than intended. Public requests to the Netlify Image CDN endpoint can fetch URLs that Astro's own matcher would reject, including apex hosts for *.host patterns and deeper paths for /path/* patterns. The practical impact depends on what the application intended to isolate behind the remote image allowlist, but it can disclose image-like resources from unintended hosts or paths behind the same configured remote origin family.

Remediation

Generate regexes that exactly match Astro's canonical matchHostname and matchPathname semantics, and anchor the full URL match before writing images.remote_images. In particular, *.example.com should require exactly one subdomain and should not match example.com, and /ok/* should match exactly one additional path segment and should not match /ok/a/b.