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High

FITS GZIP decompression bomb in Pillow

  • Disclosed: 13.04.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 15:17

Impact

Pillow did not limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data read when decoding a FITS image, making it vulnerable to decompression bomb attacks. A specially crafted FITS file could cause unbounded memory consumption, leading to denial of service (OOM crash or severe performance degradation).

Patches

The amount of data read is now limited to the necessary amount. Fixed in Pillow 12.2.0 (PR #9521).

Workarounds

Avoid Pillow >= 10.3.0, < 12.2.0 Only open specific image formats, excluding FITS.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) pillow >= 10.3.0, < 12.2.0 12.2.0

References

CVSS score 7.5/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-400, CWE-770
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
pillow
Disclosed
13.04.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 15:17

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-2250 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-whj4-6x5x-4v2j - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: pillow

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (81) in the archive
Total entries
81
First → latest
04.2014 10.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
1

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 10
  • High 53
  • Medium 16
  • Low 1
  • Unrated 1

Disclosures per year

earlier: 12

Severity:
  1. Pillow: Out-of-bounds access in _imagingmorph on a zero-width image
    High CVE-2026-112397 < 13.0.0 13.0.0
  2. Pillow: GIF seek keeps rejected size after DecompressionBombError, allowing DoS
    High CVE-2026-112400 >= 9.2.0, < 13.0.0 13.0.0
  3. Pillow: Unbounded recursion parsing a PDF page tree or trailer chain (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-42310)
    High CVE-2026-112895 >= 5.1.0, < 13.0.0 13.0.0
  4. Pillow JPEG2000 tiled decode retains a growing scratch buffer and can be used for denial of service
    High CVE-2026-59204 >= 8.2.0, < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  5. Pillow: Decompression Bomb DoS via PdfParser.PdfStream.decode()
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-59200 >= 5.1.0, < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  6. Pillow: Out-of-bounds read via attacker-controlled row stride on Pillow's mmap path (McIdas AREA files)
    High CVE-2026-54058 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  7. Pillow: Heap out-of-bounds write in `ImageFilter.RankFilter` via integer overflow in `ImagingExpand`
    High · 8.2 CVE-2026-59197 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  8. Pillow: Controlled heap out-of-bounds write in Pillow `ImageCmsTransform.apply()` via output mode mismatch
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-59205 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  9. Pillow: Heap out-of-bounds write `Image.paste()` / `Image.crop()` via signed coordinate overflow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-59199 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  10. Pillow: `FontFile.compile()`: `Image.new()` called without `_decompression_bomb_check()`
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-54060 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  11. Pillow `PcfFontFile._load_bitmaps()`: `Image.frombytes()` called without `_decompression_bomb_check()` — bomb protection bypass via PCF font loading
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-54059 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  12. Pillow `BdfFontFile`: `Image.new()` called without `_decompression_bomb_check()` — bomb protection bypass via font loading
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-55379 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  13. Pillow `GdImageFile._open()`: image dimensions accepted without `_decompression_bomb_check()`
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-55380 < 12.3.0 12.3.0
  14. Pillow has an OOB Write with Invalid PSD Tile Extents (Integer Overflow)
    High CVE-2026-42311 >= 10.3.0, < 12.2.0 12.2.0
  15. FITS GZIP decompression bomb in Pillow this entry
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-40192 >= 10.3.0, < 12.2.0 12.2.0
  16. Pillow affected by out-of-bounds write when loading PSD images
    High CVE-2026-25990 >= 10.3.0, < 12.1.1 12.1.1
  17. Pillow vulnerability can cause write buffer overflow on BCn encoding
    High · 7.1 CVE-2025-48379 >= 11.2.0, < 11.3.0 11.3.0
  18. Pillow buffer overflow vulnerability
    High · 6.7 CVE-2024-28219 < 10.3.0 10.3.0
  19. Arbitrary Code Execution in Pillow
    Critical · 8.1 CVE-2023-50447 < 10.2.0 10.2.0
  20. An issue was discovered in Pillow before 10.0.0. It is a Denial of Service that uncontrollably allocates memory to process a given task, potentially causing a service to crash by having it run out of
    High · 7.5 CVE-2023-44271 < 10.0.0 10.0.0
  21. libwebp: OOB write in BuildHuffmanTable
    High · 8.8 Exploited in attacks CVE-2023-4863 < 10.0.1 10.0.1
  22. Pillow before 9.3.0 allows denial of service via SAMPLESPERPIXEL.
    High · 7.5 CVE-2022-45199 >= 9.2.0, < 9.3.0 9.3.0
  23. Pillow before 9.2.0 performs Improper Handling of Highly Compressed GIF Data (Data Amplification).
    High · 7.5 CVE-2022-45198 < 9.2.0 9.2.0
  24. Buffer over-flow in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2022-30595 >= 9.1.0, < 9.1.1 9.1.1
  25. Path traversal in Pillow
    High · 9.1 CVE-2022-24303 < 9.0.1 9.0.1
  26. Arbitrary expression injection in Pillow
    Critical · 9.8 CVE-2022-22817 < 9.0.1 9.0.1
  27. Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-23437 >= 5.2.0, < 8.3.2 8.3.2
  28. Buffer Overflow in Pillow
    Critical · 9.8 CVE-2021-34552 < 8.3.0 8.3.0
  29. Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-28677 < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  30. Potential infinite loop in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-28676 < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  31. Pillow Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability
    High · 9.1 CVE-2021-25288 >= 2.4.0, < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  32. Out-of-bounds Read in Pillow
    High · 9.1 CVE-2021-25287 >= 2.4.0, < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  33. Pillow denial of service
    High · 5.5 CVE-2021-28675 < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  34. Out of bounds read in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-25293 >= 4.3.0, < 8.1.1 8.1.1
  35. Out of bounds read in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-25291 < 8.2.0 8.2.0
  36. Out-of-bounds Write in Pillow
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-25290 < 8.1.1 8.1.1
  37. Out of bounds write in Pillow
    Critical · 9.8 CVE-2021-25289 < 8.1.1 8.1.1
  38. Pillow Denial of Service by Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-27923 < 8.1.2 8.1.2
  39. Pillow Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-27922 < 8.1.2 8.1.2
  40. Pillow Denial of Service by Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
    High · 7.5 CVE-2021-27921 < 8.1.2 8.1.2
Show more (20) Showing 40 of 63

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